班禪洛桑確吉
The Paṇchen Lobzang Chokyi Gyaltsen
(1570-1662)

青海(安多) 二十世紀中葉
Qinghai (Amdo), mid 20th century
洛桑確吉堅贊(1570-1662) 為扎什倫布寺的第十六任住持,亦是明末清初藏傳佛教格魯派的首領,他的弟子五世達賴向洛桑確吉贈送封號「班禪」,意思是宏大的智慧。其後追封傳承的三位祖師,故羅桑卻吉是第一任但卻是第四世班禪。唐卡中第一仼班禪身穿三法衣,外披黃色斗篷,頭戴形狀特別的帽子,安坐於蒲團寶座上。右手作推究印,並執蓮花莖,花上有直立之寶劍,左手執經函於膝間。上界左右兩角皆為達賴喇嘛,左上角的那位手持長壽寶瓶,意指畫唐卡時在世的那位,右上角的那位手持經函,代表所有的達賴喇嘛。下界兩角是戴紅色班智達帽的印度大學者,左下角的可能是大堪布寂護法師,右下角那位手結說法印者是阿底峽尊者。
Lobzang Chokyi Gyaltsen (Blo bzang chos kyi rgyal mtshan) was the 16th abbot of Tashilhunpo monastery and one of the most powerful Gelug teachers of his time. Being the tutor of the 5th Dalai Lama Ngawang Lobzang Gyatso (Ngag dbang blo bzang rgya mtsho, 1617-1682), he received the newly created title Paṇchen from him. Later three predecessors were added to his reincarnation lineage which made him the fourth Paṇchen in that system. Clad in monastic robes and a yellow cloak, the first Paṇchen is depicted wearing a peculiar hat and seated on throne cushions. His right hand forms the arguing gesture (vitarkamudrā), while holding the stem of a lotus flower which supports an upright sword. His left hand holds a manuscript in his lap. In the upper corners appear standardized Dalai Lama figures of which the left holds a long-life vase in his lap which is an attribute of the Dalai Lama alive when the painting was created. The right one holds a lotus flower and a manuscript in his hands and can be viewed as a representative of all other Dalai Lamas. In the lower corners two Indian teachers are shown wearing red paṇḍita caps. The left one may be Śāntarakṣita, while the right one, forming the dharma teaching gesture, is Atiśa.