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吉祥天母及其眷屬

Palden Lhamo with retinue

青海(安多) 二十世紀中葉

Qinghai (Amdo), mid 20th century

吉祥天母又稱瑪哈嘎哩,是藏傳佛教中的忿怒相護法神。此一面二臂之化相稱「退敵之皇后」,呈藍黑色身,以遊戲坐姿側身跨坐於騾背,穿越血海。赤髪高豎,特別之處是以孔雀翎為髪飾,象徵能轉惱害成智慧,頭戴五骷髏冠,頸掛人首鍊,上穿錦袍,腰間圍虎皮裙,背披人皮披風,身下亦以人皮為鞍。於滾滾煙霧中,右手揮舞著金剛飾頂的短橛,左手於胸前捧盈血顱器。四角為四季天女,她們皆從吉祥天母之頭頂而出,由左上角起是「秋季天女」,右上角是「冬季天女」,右下角是「春季天女」,左下角是「夏雨天女」。

The wrathful dharma protectress Palden Lhamo (Skt. Śrī Devī; Tib. Dpal ldan lha mo) appears in her two-armed form as Magzor Gyalmo (Dmag gyi zor rgyal mo), the ‘Queen who Repels Armies’, sitting in the side-saddle position on a mule above a sea of blood. Encircled by billowing smoke, she brandishes a vajra-topped club in the right hand and holds a blood-filled skull close to her heart in the left. Dark-blue in colour and dressed in a fluttering robe, she wears a crown of five skulls, a garland of human heads, a tiger skin around her waist and the skin of a human being as a cloak. Another human skin is used as a saddle blanket. Unique to her is the peacock-feather parasol above her hair symbolizing her power and ability to transform all harm into wisdom. At the four corners are the Queens of the Four Seasons who emanate from Magzor Gyalmo’s head. Clockwise depicted from the upper left are the Autumn queen Śarad rājñī (Tib. Ston gyi rgyal mo), the Winter queen Hemanta rājñī, (Tib. Dgun gyi rgyal mo), the Spring queen Vasanta rājñī (Tib. Dpyid kyi rgyal mo) and the queen of the rainy season Varṣa rājñī, (Tib. Dbyar gyi rgyal mo).

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